Showing posts with label Eugenics. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Eugenics. Show all posts

Monday, 23 September 2013

"life unworthy of life"...

Eugenics
 
"  Eugenicists considered epilepsy an inherited disorder, and many states sterilized epileptics to prevent its spread. This was another of the eugenicists' misinformed stands — epilepsy's causes are still not fully understood..."
http://www.eugenicsarchive.org/html/eugenics/static/themes/1.html

"Aktion T 4," the Nazi euthanasia program to eliminate "life unworthy of life"...Patients had to be reported if they suffered from schizophrenia, epilepsy..."
http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/holocaust/h-euthanasia.htm

"The Nazi regime in Germany from 1933 to 1945 waged a veritable war throughout Europe to eliminate neurologic disease from the gene pool. Fueled by eugenic policies on racial hygiene, the Nazis first undertook a sterilization campaign against "mental defectives," which included neurologic patients with epilepsy and other disorders, as well as psychiatric patients. From 1939-41 the Nazis instead resorted to "euthanasia" of many of the same patients. Some neuroscientists were collaborators in this program, using patients for research, or using extracted brains following their murder..."
http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/21856571/reload=0;jsessionid=W57SSfOoGE7s1yrdvgNR.26
 Eugenics / Psychosurgery 
 
"We need a program of psychosurgery for political control of our society. The purpose is physical control of the mind. Everyone who deviates from the given norm can be surgically mutilated. ...  Man does not have the right to develop his own mind. This kind of liberal orientation has great appeal. We must electronically control the brain..." - José Manuel Rodriguez Delgado, Spanish professor of physiology at Yale University

"He chose patients who were "desperately ill patients whose disorders had resisted all previous treatments" and implanted electrodes in about 25 of them. Most of these patients were either schizophrenics or epileptics."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Manuel_Rodriguez_Delgado

 
 "...Psychosurgery, also called neurosurgery for mental disorder (NMD), is the neurosurgical treatment of mental disorder. It was introduced in 1930s and has a controversial history; Portuguese neurologist Egas Moniz is usually credited with being the originator of psychosurgery...Psychosurgery is a collaboration between psychiatrists and neurosurgeons. During the operation...a small piece of brain is destroyed or removed... interest in the neurosurgical treatment of mental illness is shifting from ablative psychosurgery to deep brain stimulation (DBS) where the aim is to stimulate areas of the brain with implanted electrodes."
 
http://www.princeton.edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki100k/docs/Psychosurgery.html

"Traces of Eugenic Thought in the Work of Egas Moniz... the language of eugenics was present in his work and allowed for connections between the sexual sciences, neo-Malthusianism and medical hygiene."
http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.5699/portstudies.28.1.0063?uid=3738880&uid=2129&uid=2&uid=70&uid=4&sid=21102568340953
 
 "... O autor revela que o peso do apoio da delegação brasileira no 1º Congresso  Internacional de Psicocirurgia, realizado em Lisboa – que foi responsável da moção que reconhecia o merecimento do Prémio para Egas Moniz –, terá sido de grande importância na decisão final..."
 
http://www.saude-mental.net/pdf/vol9_rev2_leituras1.pdf
 
  
"Egas Moniz e a História da Psicocirurgia, A. J. Gonçalves Ferreira...
...Nos próximos anos se verá se estes novos procedimentos Psicocirúrgicos, com a sua elevada precisão e reversibilidade de efeitos, comprovam ser tão fecundos e seguros como parecem ser nestes primeiros passos. Outros estudos, ainda experimentais, pretendem testar novos alvos e diferentes tipos de Neuromodulação para tratar outras afecções: epilepsia, depressão grave, dor crónica. Afinal a Psicocirurgia, cujos princípios mantêm a sua validade apesar do ostracismo a que foram votados durante décadas, parece hoje renascer das cinzas. O enorme progresso científico entretanto registado e as técnicas inovadoras que não cessam de surgir podem impulsionar de novo a Psicocirurgia para a vanguarda da Medicina do século XXI. E confirmar assim a genialidade do legado de Egas Moniz."
  
 
 "A História do Brasil compreende, tradicionalmente, o período desde a chegada dos portugueses até os dias atuais...O período compreendido entre o Descobrimento do Brasil em 1500, (chamado pelos portugueses de Achamento do Brasil), até a Independência do Brasil, é chamado, no Brasil, de Período Colonial...."
 
http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hist%C3%B3ria_do_Brasil
 
"Durante décadas, milhares de pacientes foram internados à força, sem diagnóstico de doença mental, num enorme hospício na cidade de Barbacena, em Minas Gerais. Ali foram torturados, violentados e mortos sem que ninguém se importasse com seu destino. Eram apenas epilépticos, alcoólatras, homossexuais, prostitutas, meninas grávidas pelos patrões, mulheres confinadas pelos maridos, moças que haviam perdido a virgindade antes do casamento. Ninguém ouvia seus gritos...Morriam também de choque. Às vezes os eletrochoques eram tantos e tão fortes, que a sobrecarga derrubava a rede do município...No início dos anos 60, depois de conhecer a Colônia, o fotógrafo Luiz Alfredo, da revista O Cruzeiro, desabafou com o chefe: “Aquilo é um assassinato em massa”. Em 1979, o psiquiatra italiano Franco Basaglia, pioneiro da luta pelo fim dos manicômios que também visitou a Colônia, declarou numa coletiva de imprensa: “Estive hoje num campo de concentração nazista. Em lugar nenhum do mundo, presenciei uma tragédia como essa”."
 
http://geracaoeditorial.com.br/blog/holocausto-brasileiro/
 https://www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.297286210291876.72153.202514946435670&type=3
 
 
http://www.vhec.org/travelling_lifeunworthy.html
 
The idea of Eugenics were to make charts of families that were considered having problems by hereditary...example:
 

"The Ice Pick Lobotomist: Dr. Walter Freeman"...the Kennedy´s chart...

"Psychosurgery...The first significant foray into psychosurgery in the twentieth century was conducted by the Portuguese neurologist Egas Moniz who during the mid-1930s developed the operation known as leucotomy. The practice was enthusiastically taken up in the United States by the neuropsychiatrist Walter Freeman and the neurosurgeon James W. Watts who devised what became the standard prefrontal procedure and named their operative technique lobotomy, although the operation was called leucotomy in the United Kingdom."

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychosurgery

Walter Jackson Freeman II, M.D. (November 14, 1895 – May 31, 1972) was an American physician who specialized in lobotomy. He was a member of the American Psychiatric Association...Working in the field of medicine ran in his family and his grandfather, William Williams Keen, was well known as a surgeon in the Civil War. His father was also a very successful doctor. Freeman attended Yale University, which at the time was Yale College, beginning in 1912 and graduated with his undergraduate degree in 1916. He then moved on to study neurology at the University of Pennsylvania Medical School. On November 12, 1935, a new psychosurgery procedure was performed in Portugal under the direction of the neurologist and physician Egas Moniz.[6] His new “leucotomy” procedure was used to treat patients with mental illness. Moniz became a mentor and idol for Freeman who modified the procedure renaming it the “lobotomy".

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Jackson_Freeman_II

One of the things that eugenics made for families were pedigree charts example http://exhibits.hsl.virginia.edu/eugenics/2-origins/ having a president with mental health problems running in the family in the USA was for some not the ideal so..."John Fitzgerald Kennedy, the 35th President of the United States, was assassinated at 12:30 p.m. Central Standard Time (18:30 UTC) on Friday, November 22, 1963, in Dealey Plaza, Dallas, Texas." also is brother  Robert Francis "Bobby" Kennedy, was assassinated both death circumstances surrounding by  conspiracy theories. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_of_John_F._Kennedy

Few knows that  Rosemary Kennedy, the sister of John F. Kennedy, was lobotomized by "The Ice Pick Lobotomist: Dr. Walter Freeman"...:

"Dr. Freeman himself performed between 3,500 and 5,000 of them. He called lobotomies "soul surgery"...One of Freeman's most famous failures was the sister of a president. In 1941, Rosemary Kennedy, the sister of John F. Kennedy, was lobotomized at the age of 23. Rosemary was described as a shy and easygoing child, but in her teenage years, she became rebellious and moody. A doctor suggested that a lobotomy could calm Rosemary down. At the time, Freeman had only performed about 60 lobotomies and hadn't yet created his transorbital technique, so he performed a prefrontal lobotomy.
The operation did make Rosemary more manageable, because she was essentially left with the mental capacity of an infant. She couldn't speak intelligibly or control some bodily functions, and she stared into space for hours. Rosemary spent the rest of her life in an institution..."

http://science.howstuffworks.com/life/inside-the-mind/human-brain/lobotomy2.htm

But the question is if eugenics was in vogue how could someone with a history family of mental illness be in 1ª instance a president of a country? Maybe to raise hopes, to be assassinated, to sent a subliminal message and to induce a mental state in people of FEAR...when everybody was expecting a new time of freedom and their leader is killed people get depressed without hope, they join groups (religious, radicals...), they search alternatives in drugs...

Dr. Freeman failed with Rosemary who others failed with her brothers...

John Kennedy:

" Lee Harvey Oswald October 18, 1939 – November 24, 1963) was, according to four government investigations, the sniper who assassinated John F. Kennedy, the 35th President of the United States, in Dallas, Texas, on November 22, 1963....

Lee Harvey Oswald was born in New Orleans, Louisiana on October 18, 1939...Oswald attended the 7th grade in the Bronx, New York but was often truant, which led to a psychiatric assessment at a juvenile reformatory. The reformatory psychiatrist, Dr. Renatus Hartogs, described Oswald as immersed in a "vivid fantasy life, turning around the topics of omnipotence and power, through which [Oswald] tries to compensate for his present shortcomings and frustrations." Dr. Hartogs detected a "personality pattern disturbance with schizoid features and passive-aggressive tendencies" and recommended continued treatment..."

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee_Harvey_Oswald


Robert Kennedy:

" Sirhan Bishara Sirhan (Arabic: سرحان بشارة سرحان‎, Sirḥān Bishārah Sirḥān; born March 19, 1944) is a Palestinian with Jordanian citizenship who was convicted for the assassination of United States Senator Robert F. Kennedy. He is serving a life sentence at Pleasant Valley State Prison in Coalinga, California.

Sirhan's defense counsel, which included Attorney Grant Cooper, had hoped to demonstrate that the killing had been an impulsive act of a man with a mental deficiency..."

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirhan_Sirhan

"District Attorney Evelle Younger, armed with a psychiatric evaluation of Sirhan that provided clear indications of mental disorder, readily accepted the defence plea of guilty to first-degree murder in return for a promise of life imprisonment. "

http://law.jrank.org/pages/3185/Sirhan-Bishara-Sirhan-Trial-1969.html